Adjectives
A. Defining an adjective
An adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun ( or a pronoun). Example- Rona is a tall girl. He is angry now.
In the first sentence, tall is an adjective as qualifying a noun, Rona.
In the second sentence ,angry is telling something about'he' ( a pronoun)
Adjectives can be of six kinds:
1. Adjective of Quality ( telling what kind of) shy girl long road
2. Adjective of Quantity( telling how much) some water much help
3. Adjective of Number ( telling how many) four fans many people
4. Demonstrative Adjectives( used to point out) this house those boys
5. Interrogative Adjectives( used to ask questions) whose bag? which dress?
6.Possessive Adjectives( telling whose) her pencil our clothes
B. Formation of adjectives
They can be formed:
1.From nouns: honour- honouraable; peace- peaceful; style- stylish etc.
2. From verbs: quarrel-quarrelsome; talk- talkative;
3.From other adjectives: red- reddish; black- blackish
Let's learn how to make adjectives with the help of some suffixes. Sometimes we need to alter the spellings slightly while adding a suffix.
Example-
Suffix word adjective
ous fame famous
nerve nervous
some trouble troublesome
tire tiresome
y ease easy
hunger hungry
like child childlike
life lifelike
ly love lovely
day daily
less law lawless
mercy merciless
ive express expressive
talk talkative
ish kid kidish
slave slavish
ic hero heroic
science scientific
ful duty dutiful
beauty beautiful
ar circle circular
table tabular
al essence essential
navy naval
Practice Exercise:
Q. Make adjectives from the following words by adding one of the suffixes: al' ous, ful, y, glory, harm, price , virtue, industry, adventure , mystery.
C Correct use of Adjectives
> Some, Any
Some is used in affirmative sentences while any is used in negative sentences:
She has already some bags.
She has not bought any bags.
Note. How to make interrogative sentences?
Do you have some money? ; Do you have any money?
Both the above sentences are correct. But 'some' is used when some affirmative answer is expected.
'Any'is used if a negative answer is expected:
I am feeling hungry. Could you please give me some bread to eat?
( We have used some because we expect an affirmative answer)
I hope you can do the work yourself, Do you need any help?
( We have used any because we expect a negative answer.)
> Much, many
Much means a large quantity of;it is used with uncountables:
much water much grief
Many means a large number of; it is used with the plurals of countables:
many pencils many months
> Little, few
Little is used with uncountables; few is used with countables
little care little hope
few relatives few cards
> Little, a little, the little
Little = almost none( Little is almost a negative adjective)
A little= at least some
The little= the whole, though very little
Example- He has little money. He cannot buy an ice-cream with it.
He has a little money. He can afford to buy an ice-cream with it.
He bought an ice-cream with the little money he had.
> Few, a few, the few
Few= not many, in fact almost none
A few= at least some
The few= all of them, though very few
Example- Few friends come to my place. So I am often lonely.
Sometimes a few friends come to my place and we have a nice time,
The few friends I have come to my place very rarely.
Revision exercise:
A. Use some or any to fill these blanks:
1.I have ________ pencils but I do not have_______ pens.
2.There aren't _________ leaves left on the tree,
B. Fill in the blanks with much or many:
1.How ____ did the rice cost you?
2.How ______ kilograms of rice did you buy?
C Use little, a little, the little, few, a few or the few to fill these blanks:
1 They wanted the party to go on____ longer.
2.May I have ___ more water please?
3.There are still ____ tickets available for the show,
4.There is ______ honey left in the bottle. You have to buy a new bottle.
5. _______ shops we have in our locality were closed.
>>>to learn adjectives in deatil click on the given link: https://youtu.be/CkfC9cvNDJs
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